Anal fissure (Parikartika)

An anal fissure is a tear withinside the lining of the anus or anal canal (the outlet via which stool passes out of the body). The fissure may be painful and can bleed.

Ayurveda describes fissure as Parikartika. This phrase refers back to the slicing or burning nature of ache. Additionally bleeding is some other essential signal of the disease. As consistent with Ayurveda, negative digestion and urge for food together with excessive intake of dry, hot, or salty meals irritate the Pitta and Vata dosha, thereby main to anal fissures. 

Samprapti of Parikartika

Pathogenesis of a disease can be summarized as below

Nidana Sanchaya

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Vitiation of Doshas

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Agni mandya

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Malasaṃcaya

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Vitiation of Apānavāyu

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Dosa migrate through Srotas Saṃśraya

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Dosha Dushya Sammorchanain (Samvaranî Gudavali)

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PARIKARTIKA

Causes of Anal Fissures or Parikatika

Anal fissures may be resulting from trauma to the anus and anal canal. The trauma may be resulting from one or extra of the following:

• Chronic (long-term) constipation 
• Straining to have a bowel movement, specifically if the stool is large, tough and/or dry 
• Prolonged diarrhea 
• Anal sex, anal stretching 
• Insertion of overseas items into the anus 

Causes aside from trauma include:

• Longstanding terrible bowel habits 
• Overly tight or spastic anal sphincter muscle tissues (muscle tissues that manage the last of the anus) 
• Scarring withinside the anorectal area 
• An underlying scientific problem, including Crohn’s ailment and ulcerative colitis (sorts of inflammatory bowel ailment); anal cancer; leukemia; infectious diseases (including tuberculosis); and sexually transmitted diseases (including syphilis, gonorrhea, Chlamydia, chancroid, HIV) 
• Decreased blood waft to the anorectal area 

Anal fissures also are not unusualplace in younger toddlers.

Common symptoms of anal fissure

We can also additionally revel in signs of anal fissure signs every day or simply as soon as in a while. At times, any of those anal fissure signs may be severe: 

• Blood-streaked stools 
• Bloody stools (blood can be red, black, or tarry in texture) 
• Burning feeling Change in bowel habits 
• Change in bowel movements 
• Constipation 
• Diarrhea 
• Itching 
• Painful bowel movements 
• Rectal bleeding or blood in stool (melena) 

Symptoms that would imply a critical condition 

Seek instantaneously hospital therapy in case you, or a person you’re with, are being handled for an anal fissure and feature any of those critical signs including: 

• Bloody stools (blood can be red, black, or tarry in texture) 
• High fever (better than one zero one tiers Fahrenheit) 
• Rectal bleeding or blood in stool (melena) 
• Recurring bouts of watery diarrhea that could consist of blood or pus.

Complications of anal fissure

Anal fissures aren’t related to extra severe diseases, which include bowel most cancers, even though most cancers of the anus may also mimic an anal fissure. 

Some of the viable headaches of an anal fissure include: 

Chronic anal fissure – the tear fails to heal. Over time, this could purpose huge scar tissue on the web website online of the fissure (sentinel pile). 

Anal fistulas – abnormal ‘tunnels’ be part of the anal canal to surrounding organs, generally different elements of the bowel. 

Anal stenosis – the anal canal will become abnormally narrowed both because of spasm of the anal sphincter or contraction of the ensuing scar tissue.

Management of Anal Fissure (Parikartika)

Primarily treatment is supplied to relieve pain and allow the fissure to heal. This is accomplished via way of means of correcting of the imbalanced Vata and Pitta doshas – implicated in manifestation of anal fissures. 

Ayurveda has diverse non-invasive (medicinal) and invasive strategies (surgical) for treating anal fissures. Some not unusualplace non-invasive strategies are aushadhi chikitsa (medicines) and Basti procedure (medicinal enema). Similarly, a number of the invasive strategies endorsed are Kshara karma (alkalization), Ksharsutra application (alkali thread therapy) and Agnikarma (burning of part of a frame).

DIET RECOMMENDATIONS (AAHAR) Recommended food plan consists of cow milk, butter, buttermilk, wheat, ghee, rice, inexperienced vegetable, and normal food plan. Avoid chilies, fried meals and meals that can reason constipation. 

LIFESTYLE CHANGES (VIHAR) Sitz baths (immersing decrease frame in heat water) are beneficial.five Avoid consistent sitting and immoderate straining for the duration of defecating.